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What is Cataract?
Cataract is the loss of transparency in the natural lens of the eye, leading to impaired vision. While a health lens provides clear vision like regular glass, a cataract-affected lens appears cloudy, similar to frosted glass.
What Causes Cataracts?
The most common cause of cataracts is aging, accounting for 90% of all cases. In some cases, congenital cataracts occur due to genetic factors. Additionally, trauma, metabolic diseases and prolonged use of corticosteroid eye drops can contribute to cataract formation.
Symptoms of Cataract
Early Stage: Patients may not notice any symptoms initially.
Progression: As the cataract develops, vision clarity decreases.
Nuclear Cataract: Near vision may improve, but distance vision deteriorates. The patient may read without glasses, but their prescription for distance vision increases rapidly.
Posterior Subcapsular Cataract: Vision becomes more blurred, especially in bright sunlight.
Advanced Cataract: The patient can only perceive light.
Causes of Cataract
Aging: The most common cause
Genetic Factors: Some individuals are born with cataracts.
Other Factors
How is Cataract Treated?
The only treatment for cataracts is surgery. There are no eye drops or dietary changes that can prevent or slow cataract progression once it begins.
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